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Clinical diagnostics and imaging

This section concerns clinical and research studies of the clinical diagnosis of musculoskeletal disorders focusing on musculoskeletal radiology and diagnostic imaging of musculoskeletal disorders.  

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  1. Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is a patchy and slowly progressive disease of skeletal muscle. MRI short tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequences of patient muscles often show increased hyperinten...

    Authors: Leo H. Wang, Laura M. Johnstone, Michael Bindschadler, Stephen J. Tapscott and Seth D. Friedman

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2021 22:56

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  3. Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare, benign, proliferative neoplastic process that commonly affects synovial-lined anatomic spaces. The diffuse type (DPVNS) is characterized by invasion of the en...

    Authors: Daoliang Xu, Jianxia Wen, Shisi Zhang and Xiaoyun Pan

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2021 22:41

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  4. Polyglucosan body myopathy 1 (PGBM1) is a type of glycogen storage disease that can cause skeletal muscle myopathy and cardiomyopathy with or without immunodeficiency due to a pathogenic mutation in the RBCK1 ...

    Authors: Lin Chen, Nan Wang, Wenbin Hu, Xuen Yu, Renming Yang, Yongzhu Han, Yan Yan, Na Nian and Congbo Sha

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2021 22:35

    Content type: Case report

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  6. To investigate the imaging features of hemangiomas in long tabular bones for better diagnosis.

    Authors: Lei Cao, Jin-Xu Wen, Shu-Man Han, Hui-Zhao Wu, Zhi-Gang Peng, Bao-Hai Yu, Zhi-Wei Zhong, Tao Sun, Wen-Juan Wu and Bu-Lang Gao

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2021 22:27

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Like with all cancers, multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings are the norm in bone and soft tissue tumour (BST) management too. Problem in attendance of specialists due to geographical location is the one of th...

    Authors: Raja Bhaskara Rajasekaran, Duncan Whitwell, Thomas D. A. Cosker, Christopher L. M. H. Gibbons and Andrew Carr

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2021 22:18

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Cross-table lateral (CL) radiography is a convenient and feasible method to assess cup version angle (VA) after total hip arthroplasty; However, pelvic tilt (PT) may contribute to its measurement inaccuracy. H...

    Authors: Jie Xu, Baohua Su, Wenhui Zhang, Hao Sun, Deng Li, Zhiqing Cai, Meiyi Chen, Meiling Qiu and Ruofan Ma

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:843

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Numerous radiographic parameters are described to evaluate juvenile flexible flatfeet. Reference values for these measurements are based on few studies. The purpose of this study was to determine boundary valu...

    Authors: Johannes Hamel, Hubert Hörterer and Norbert Harrasser

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:838

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Classification of the spinal deformity in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) remains two-dimensional (2D) as the spinal radiographs remain the mainstay in clinical evaluation of the disease. 3D classificati...

    Authors: Saba Pasha, Victor Ho-Fung, Malcolm Eker, Sarah Nossov and Michael Francavilla

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:824

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Despite the established relevance of ultrasonography and assessment of pressure pain thresholds in patients with plantar fasciopathy, patient and probe positioning has been mostly ignored and are not necessari...

    Authors: Stefanie Ostermann, Jens Lykkegaard Olesen, Sinéad Holden and Henrik Riel

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:804

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  12. Imaging cannot be performed during natural weightbearing in biomechanical studies using conventional closed-bore MRI, which has necessitated simulating weightbearing load on the joint. Upright, open MRI (UO-MR...

    Authors: Andrew M. Schmidt, David J. Stockton, Michael A. Hunt, Andrew Yung, Bassam A. Masri and David R. Wilson

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:795

    Content type: Technical advance

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  13. Orofacial digital syndrome is a rare genetic disorder with oral cavity, facial and digits anomalies. Orofacial digital syndrome type II, also called the “Mohr syndrome” is a very rare subtype that has been rep...

    Authors: Bita Malekianzadeh, Fardis Vosoughi and Ramin Zargarbashi

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:793

    Content type: Case report

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  14. Vertebral augmentation is the first-line treatment for the osteoporosis vertebral compression fractures. Bone cement leakage is the most common complication of this surgery. This study aims to assess the risk ...

    Authors: Tian-yu Zhang, Pei-xun Zhang, Feng Xue, Dian-ying Zhang and Bao-guo Jiang

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:792

    Content type: Research article

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  15. In the management of early inflammatory joint of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), there is a need for reliable noninvasive quantitative monitoring biomarker to closely assess status of synovitis progression. Cogni...

    Authors: Hui Yang, Ling Jiang, Jiang Li, Xiuzhu Zheng, Qianqian Yao, Changqin Li, Jianzhong Zhu and Jian Qin

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:774

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  16. The measurement of patellar height and restoration of the natural position of the joint line are crucial to total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, there remains a lack of consensus on an optimal measurement m...

    Authors: Hua Han and Xiaohui Zhang

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:768

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  17. The currently available scoring methods for enthesitis are often measures of pain but not of inflammation at entheseal sites. The Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Clinical Trials (OMERACT) psoriatic arthritis ...

    Authors: Xenofon Baraliakos, Philipp Sewerin, Eugenio de Miguel, Effie Pournara, Christine Kleinmond, Annette Wiedon and Frank Behrens

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:767

    Content type: Technical advance

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  18. Intramedullary osteosclerosis (IMOS) is a rare condition without specific radiological findings except for the osteosclerotic lesion and is not associated with family history and infection, trauma, or systemic...

    Authors: Kensaku Abe, Norio Yamamoto, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Akihiko Takeuchi, Shinji Miwa, Kentaro Igarashi, Takashi Higuchi, Yuta Taniguchi, Hirotaka Yonezawa, Yoshihiro Araki, Sei Morinaga, Yohei Asano and Hiroyuki Tsuchiya

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:762

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  19. This study aimed to describe the changes in spinopelvic sagittal alignment in the sitting position after posterior lumbar fusion, and to identify the factors influencing unfused adjacent segment lordosis.

    Authors: Zhuoran Sun, Siyu Zhou, Wei Wang, Da Zou and Weishi Li

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:760

    Content type: Research article

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  20. The technique of posterior pedicle screw fixation has already been widely applied in the treatment of upper thoracic spinal tuberculosis. However, lesions of tuberculosis directly invade the vertebrae and surr...

    Authors: Yuhang Wang, Dingjun Hao, Lixiong Qian, Xin He, Yibin Meng and Biao Wang

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:756

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  21. We studied the characteristics and regularity of appropriate insertion points for percutaneous pedicle screw placement in the lumbar spine using C-arm X-ray fluoroscopy. The purpose of this study was to improv...

    Authors: Wei-Xing Xu, Wei-Guo Ding, Bin Xu, Tian-Hong Hu, Hong-Feng Sheng, Jia-Fu Zhu and Xiao-Long Zhu

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:750

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  23. Plasma cell granuloma (PCG) is a rare non-neoplastic entity, with the precise etiology remaining unclear. Vertebra-affected spinal PCG has not been reported yet. This report presented a case with cross-segment...

    Authors: Renqin Lin, Shenglin Wang, Jianhua Lin, Zhenzhen Zhang and Xuanwei Chen

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:746

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  24. We developed a fully automatic three-dimensional knee MRI analysis software that can quantify meniscus extrusion and cartilage measurements, including the projected cartilage area ratio (PCAR), which represent...

    Authors: Hayato Aoki, Nobutake Ozeki, Hisako Katano, Akinobu Hyodo, Yugo Miura, Junpei Matsuda, Kimiko Takanashi, Kenji Suzuki, Jun Masumoto, Noriya Okanouchi, Takeo Fujiwara and Ichiro Sekiya

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:742

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Ewing sarcoma, the second most frequent bone tumor in children and adolescents, is often presented with localized disease or metastatic-related symptoms. In this study, we aim to construct and validate a nomog...

    Authors: Zhenggang Zhou, Jinyu Wang, Liming Fang, Jianlin Ma and Mingbo Guo

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:737

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  26. Fibroma of tendon sheath (FTS) is a rare benign soft tissue tumor that often occurs in the upper extremities. It manifests as a slow-growing mass, often without tenderness or spontaneous pain. FTS occurs most ...

    Authors: Hiroki Shibayama, Yuichiro Matsui, Daisuke Kawamura, Atsushi Urita, Chikako Ishii, Tamotsu Kamishima, Mutsumi Nishida, Ai Shimizu and Norimasa Iwasaki

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:732

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  27. Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common peripheral nerve compression disorder. However, there is no established opinion regarding the predictors of symptom improvement after surgery. This study aimed to identify th...

    Authors: Yuichi Sasaki, Tohru Terao, Emiko Saito, Keiichiro Ohara, Shotaro Michishita, Naoki Kato, Satoshi Tani and Yuichi Murayama

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:725

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  28. Anteromedial cortex-to-cortex reduction is a key parameter for stable reconstruction of the fracture fragments during the intertrochanteric fracture fixation. This paper introduces the oblique fluoroscopic pro...

    Authors: Shi-Yi Chen, Shi-Min Chang, Rujan Tuladhar, Zhen Wei, Wen-Feng Xiong, Sun-Jun Hu and Shou-Chao Du

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:719

    Content type: Research article

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  29. There are few reports of cervical myelopathy caused by an attack of subaxial calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) deposition. Moreover, there has been no report on cervical myelopathy by subaxial CPPD deposi...

    Authors: Dong-Gune Chang, Jong-Beom Park, Ho-Young Jung and Kyung Jin Seo

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:713

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  30. Spinal accessory nerve (SAN) palsy is rare in clinical settings. Iatrogenicity is the most common cause, with cervical lymph node biopsy accounting for > 50% of cases. However, SAN palsy after lymph node needl...

    Authors: Hisataka Suzuki, Yuichiro Matsui, Takahito Iwai, Mutsumi Nishida and Norimasa Iwasaki

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:712

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  31. Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a catastrophic complication after total knee or hip arthroplasty. The diagnosis of PJI is very difficult, especially in the early postoperative period. The value of the ...

    Authors: Bao-Zhan Yu, Jun Fu, Wei Chai, Li-Bo Hao and Ji-Ying Chen

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:706

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  32. Among the paraspinal muscles, the structure and function of the lumbar multifidus (LM) has become of great interest to researchers and clinicians involved in lower back pain and muscle rehabilitation. Ultrasou...

    Authors: Clyde J. Belasso, Bahareh Behboodi, Habib Benali, Mathieu Boily, Hassan Rivaz and Maryse Fortin

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:703

    Content type: Database

    Published on:

  34. Regarding the increasing application of neuromusculoskeletal sonography among medical specialties, specifically physiatrists, this study aims to assess the knowledge and skill level of these specialists in neu...

    Authors: Leyla Khodadadi, Afshin Karimzade, Seyed Mansoor Rayegani, Nafisseh Jafarian, Seyed Ahmad Raeissadat, Sina Yasrebi, Arash Babaei-Ghazani and Bina Eftekharsadat

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:680

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  35. Dexterity impairments caused by carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) make working and daily activities challenging. We aimed to investigate: i) the relationship between dexterity and nerve conduction studies (NCS) in ...

    Authors: Francesco Sartorio, Francesca Dal Negro, Elisabetta Bravini, Giorgio Ferriero, Stefano Corna, Marco Invernizzi and Stefano Vercelli

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:679

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  36. Fetal skeletal dysplasia (FSD) comprises a complex group of systemic bone and cartilage disorders. Many FSD phenotypes have indistinct definitions, making definitive prenatal diagnosis difficult. The condition...

    Authors: Miyoko Waratani, Fumitake Ito, Yukiko Tanaka, Aki Mabuchi, Taisuke Mori and Jo Kitawaki

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:662

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  37. Gout has been associated with weaker foot/leg muscles and altered gait patterns. There is also evidence of on-going foot pain and an increased risk of tendinopathy, with the Achilles and patella tendons most f...

    Authors: Simon Otter, Catherine Payne, Anna-Marie Jones, Nick Webborn and Peter Watt

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:658

    Content type: Research article

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  39. To investigate the effect of the difference in C2–7 angle on dysphagia after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) with the Zero-P Implant System.

    Authors: Cheng-Yi Huang, Yang Meng, Bei-Yu Wang, Jie Yu, Chen Ding, Yi Yang, Ting-Kui Wu and Hao Liu

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:649

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  40. We aimed to analyze the clinical results of Schwab grade 4 osteotomy combined with percutaneous pedicle screws (PPS) fixation for treatment of post-traumatic thoracolumbar kyphosis (PTK).

    Authors: Wubo Liu, Yiwei Zhao, Suomao Yuan, Yonghao Tian and Xinyu Liu

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:638

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  41. The tibial slope plays an important role in knee surgery. However, standard radiographic measurement techniques have a low reproducibility and do not allow differentiation between medial and lateral articular ...

    Authors: Armando Hoch, Lukas Jud, Tabitha Roth, Lazaros Vlachopoulos, Philipp Fürnstahl and Sandro F. Fucentese

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:635

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  42. Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the pilosebaceous unit. Isotretinoin is an effective treatment option for severe acne. The aim of this study was to evaluate musculoskeletal side effec...

    Authors: Nermin Karaosmanoğlu and Cevriye Mülkoğlu

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:631

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  43. Bone turnover and metabolic indicators are related to age and gender. Age and gender should be matched in subjects in disease control research of bone turnover and metabolism, but strict matching of gender and...

    Authors: Ju Shao, Shao-Song Zhou, Yuan Qu, Bi-Bo Liang, Qing-Hong Yu and Jing Wu

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:603

    Content type: Research article

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  44. Neuropathic pain (NP) is common in patients presenting with low back related leg pain. Accurate diagnosis of NP is fundamental to ensure appropriate intervention. In the absence of a clear gold standard, exper...

    Authors: Jai Mistry, Deborah Falla, Tim Noblet, Nicola R. Heneghan and Alison Rushton

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:601

    Content type: Research article

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  46. An understanding of the clinical features of inflammation in low back pain with or without leg symptoms may allow targeted evaluations of anti-inflammatory treatment in randomised-controlled-trials and clinica...

    Authors: Jon J. Ford, Omar Kaddour, Michael Gonzales, Patrick Page and Andrew J. Hahne

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:567

    Content type: Research article

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  47. Although computed tomography (CT) is commonly used to diagnose the scoliotic spine in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) preoperatively, it is limited by the high radiation and prone scanning ...

    Authors: Kwong Hang Yeung, Gene Chi Wai Man, Tsz Ping Lam, Bobby Kin Wah Ng, Jack Chun Yiu Cheng and Winnie Chiu Wing Chu

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:558

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  48. Combined anterior and posterior ankle impingement has seldom been reported. Cedell fracture, fracture of posteromedial tubercle of talus, is an uncommon and easily missed injury which may elicit posteromedial ...

    Authors: De-an Qin, Zhi-zhen Jin and Jie-fu Song

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:556

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  49. Recovery of motor dysfunction is important for patients with incomplete cervical spinal cord injury (SCI). To enhance the recovery of muscle strength, both research and treatments mainly focus on injury of upp...

    Authors: Jun Li, Yancheng Zhu, Yang Li, Shisheng He and Deguo Wang

    Citation: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2020 21:549

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

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